Controller

Create Controller

For example, we create a Controller student in the module demo-student:

1. Cli command

$ vona :create:bean controller student --module=demo-student

2. Menu command

TIP

Context Menu - [Module Path]: Vona Create/Controller

Controller Definition

@Controller<IControllerOptionsStudent>('student')
export class ControllerStudent extends BeanBase {
  @Web.post('')
  @Api.body(v.object(EntityStudent))
  async create(@Arg.body() student: DtoStudentCreate): Promise<EntityStudent> {
    return await this.scope.service.student.create(student);
  }
}

• Inherited from the BeanBase class

• Use the Controller decorator

• Line 1: Controller Path: 'student'

• Line 3: Action Path : ''

Routes

Like Fastify, Vona also uses find-my-way as the routing library. All Controller Actions that use the @Web decorator will be automatically registered in the routing table

The route path is composed of the Controller Path and the Action Path

General format

Route Path = GlobalPrefix + Module Url + Controller Path + Action Path

• GlobalPrefix: Project configuration: app.config.server.globalPrefix, default is /api
• Module Url: The Url fragment generated by the module name. For example, the module Url of module demo-student is demo/student

For example, the route of Controller teacher in module demo-student is as follows:

Controller Path	Action Path	Route Path
teacher	empty	/api/demo/student/teacher
teacher	:id	/api/demo/student/teacher/:id

Simplification rule 1

If the Controller Path is the same as the module name, the duplicate part will be automatically removed

For example, the route of Controller student in module demo-student is as follows:

Controller Path	Action Path	Route Path
student	empty	/api/demo/student
student	:id	/api/demo/student/:id

Simplification rule 2

If the Controller Path or Action Path is prefixed with /, then the Module Url is automatically removed

Controller Path	Action Path	Route Path
/student	empty	/api/student
/student	:id	/api/student/:id

Simplification rule 3

If the Controller Path or Action Path is prefixed with //, then the GlobalPrefix and Module Url are automatically removed

Controller Path	Action Path	Route Path
//student	empty	/student
//student	:id	/student/:id

For example, the homepage of the project has the following route:

Controller Path	Action Path	Route Path
any value	//	/

Request Method

Vona uses decorators to define request methods. These decorators are put into a group @Web. Because there are many decorators, the grouping mechanism can reduce the mental burden. For example: we set a post method for create:

import { Web } from 'vona-module-a-web';

class ControllerStudent {
  @Web.post()
  async create() {}
}

• Method decorator list

Name	Description
@Web.post	post
@Web.get	get
@Web.delete	delete
@Web.put	put
@Web.patch	patch
@Web.options	options
@Web.head	head

Request Parameters

We need to get various parameters from the request, such as Query, Params, Body, Headers, etc. Similarly, Vona also provides many decorators for obtaining parameters. We also put all parameter decorators into the group @Arg to reduce the mental burden. For example, if we want to obtain the data of a student, the requested URL is /?id=1:

class ControllerStudent3 {
  @Web.get()
  findOne(@Arg.query('id') id: number) {}
}

Depending on the characteristics of the parameters, different types of parameters allow the specification of field names, such as specifying id in the query decorator. We can also obtain the entire query object without specifying the field name

For example, the URL is /?id=1&name=tom:

class DtoStudentInfo {
  id: number;
  name: string;
}

class ControllerStudent3 {
  @Web.get()
  findOne(@Arg.query() query: DtoStudentInfo) {
    console.log(query.id, query.name);
  }
}

• Parameter decorator list

Name	Description
@Arg.param	Param
@Arg.query	Query
@Arg.body	Body
@Arg.headers	Headers
@Arg.fields	Fields
@Arg.field	Field
@Arg.files	Files
@Arg.file	File
@Arg.user	The current user

Parameter Validation

Vona Based on Zod, a very concise and flexible mechanism is provided to verify request parameters

• See: Validation

Swagger/Openapi

Vona implements a very convenient Swagger/Openapi based on @asteasolutions/zod-to-openapi. Swagger/Openapi in Vona still uses the decorators in Validation, and provides extension tools to set metadata related to Openapi

• See: Swagger/Openapi

Response Body

Vona provides a mechanism similar to Validation, which specifies the type of the Response body and automatically generates Swagger/Openapi metadata

1. Automatically infer Zod Schema: Basic type/Dto/Entity

If the body type is Basic type/Dto/Entity, then the system will automatically infer the corresponding Zod Schema and automatically generate Swagger/Openapi

• Example: string

class ControllerStudent {
  @Web.get()
  findOne(): string {
    return 'Tom';
  }
}

• Example: EntityStudent

class ControllerStudent {
  @Web.get()
  findOne(): EntityStudent {
    return {} as EntityStudent;
  }
}

• List of types that can be automatically inferred

Name	Description
string	z.string()
number	z.number()
boolean	z.boolean()
Dto	z.object({...})
Entity	z.object({...})

2. Specify Zod Schema

We can also explicitly specify Zod Schema and automatically generate Swagger/Openapi

• Example: string[]

Use the decorator @Api.body to specify Zod Schema. Zod Schema usage rules are consistent with Validation

import { Api } from 'vona-module-a-openapi';

class ControllerStudent {
  @Web.get()
  @Api.body(v.array(String))
  findOne(): string[] {
    return ['Tom'];
  }
}

• Example: Promise<EntityStudent>

class ControllerStudent {
  @Web.get()
  @Api.body(EntityStudent)
  async findOne(): Promise<EntityStudent> {
    return {} as EntityStudent;
  }
}

Response Body Wrapper Object

By default, Vona automatically provides a wrapper object for the Response body. For example, if we want to return a body of type string, the actual returned data type is:

{
  code: string;
  message: string;
  data: string;
}

We can also use the decorator @Api.bodyCustom to customize the wrapper object

1. Disable the wrapper object

You can disable the wrapper object and directly return the Response body itself

class ControllerStudent {
  @Web.get()
  @Api.bodyCustom(false)
  findOne(): string {
    return 'Tom';
  }
}

2. Provide a custom wrapper object

• First, define the wrapper function:

export function bodySchemaWrapperCustom(bodySchema: any) {
  return z.object({
    status: z.number(),
    msg: z.string(),
    data: bodySchema,
  });
}

• Then pass the wrapper function bodySchemaWrapperCustom to the decorator @Api.bodyCustom

class ControllerStudent {
  @Web.get()
  @Api.bodyCustom(bodySchemaWrapperCustom)
  findOne(): string {
    return 'Tom';
  }
}

• If the type of Response body is Promise<EntityStudent>, the code is as follows:

class ControllerStudent {
  @Web.get()
  @Api.bodyCustom(bodySchemaWrapperCustom, EntityStudent)
  async findOne(): Promise<EntityStudent> {
    return {} as EntityStudent;
  }
}

More Swagger/Openapi configuration

1. @Api.contentType

Set the response content type

@Api.contentType('application/xml')

2. @Api.exclude

Do not display this API in Swagger/Openapi metadata. This decorator can be used in Controller/Action

@Api.exclude()

3. @Api.header/@Api.headers

Define Request headers

@Api.header({ name: 'x-request-header', description: 'request header' })
// Define multiple headers at once
@Api.headers([{ name: 'x-request-header', description: 'request header' }])

4. @Api.httpCode

Set the response http code

@Api.httpCode(400)

5. @Api.setHeader

Set the response headers

@Api.setHeader('x-response-header', 'value')
// Set multiple headers at once
@Api.setHeader({ 'x-response-header1': 'value1', 'x-response-header2': 'value2' })

6. @Api.tags

Set the grouping information in Swagger/Openapi. This decorator can be used for Controller/Action

@Api.tags(['Student'])

Action options

1. Example

You can pass more options when defining the request method of Action

class ControllerBook {
  @Web.get(':id', {
    tags: ['Book'],
    description: 'Find a book',
  })
  findOne(@Arg.param('id') id: number): EntityBook {}
}

• tags: Set the grouping information in Swagger/Openapi
• description: Set the description information in Swagger/Openapi

2. description supports i18n

First, define the language resources:

• English: src/module/demo-student/src/config/locale/en-us.ts

export default {
  FindBook: 'Find a book',
};

• Chinese: src/module/demo-student/src/config/locale/zh-cn.ts

export default {
  FindBook: 'Find a book',
};

Use the $locale method for language translation, and support automatic type hints for language resources

import { $locale } from '../.metadata/index.ts';

@Web.get(':id', {
  description: $locale('FindBook'),
})

3. Action options list

Name	Description
description	API description
summary	API summary
httpCode	Response http code
contentType	Response content type
bodySchema	Response body schema
bodySchemaWrapper	Response body wrapper
exclude	Whether to exclude this API in Swagger/Openapi metadata, default is false
tags	API tag grouping
operationId	API operation ID, default is methodName
headers	Define Request Headers
setHeaders	Set Response Headers

Controller options

1. Example

You can pass more options when defining a Controller

@Controller('book', {
  exclude: false,
  tags: ['Book'],
})
class ControllerBook {}

• exclude: Do not display all APIs of this Controller in Swagger/Openapi metadata
• tags: API tag grouping

2. Controller options list

Name	Description
exclude	Whether to exclude all APIs of this Controller in Swagger/Openapi metadata, default is false
tags	API tag grouping
actions	Define Actions options
enable	Whether to enable Controller
meta	Enable Controller based on conditions

3. App config configuration

Controller options can be configured in App config

For example, by default, http://localhost:7102/swagger is only valid in test/dev environment. If you want to make Swagger accessible in the prod environment, you can configure it in App config

src/backend/config/config/config.prod.ts

// onions
config.onions = {
  controller: {
    'a-swagger:swagger': {
      meta: {
        mode: ['test', 'dev', 'prod'],
      },
    },
  },
};

4. actions

Provide actions options in Controller options, allowing us to configure the Action options in any Controller in App config

For example, we set the action options of findOne in the ControllerBook class in App config:

src/backend/config/config/config.dev.ts

// onions
config.onions = {
  controller: {
    'demo-student:book': {
      actions: { 
        findOne: { 
          description: 'Find a book!!!', 
        }, 
      }, 
    }, 
  },
};